Linguistic perspectives on English grammar : a guide for EFL teachers /
| Основен автор: | Endley, Martin J. |
|---|---|
| Формат: | Електронна книга |
| Език: | English |
| Публикувано: |
Charlotte, NC :
Information Age Pub.,
2010.
|
| Предмети: | |
| Онлайн достъп: |
http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=470053 |
| Подобни документи: |
Print version::
Linguistic perspectives on English grammar. |
Съдържание:
- 1. Nouns and Noun Phrases in Linguistic Perspective
- Categorizing Words
- What is a Noun?
- Time Stability
- Concerteness
- Common Nouns and Problems of Countablity
- Common Nouns and problems of Number and plurality
- Some Further Problems with Plurality
- Some Thoughts on Proper Nouns
- Pronouns
- The personal Pronouns
- The Reciprocal Pronouns
- The Indefinite Pronouns
- Genitives and Partitives
- Further Reading
- 2. Verbs and Verb Phrases in Linguistic Persective
- What Are Verbs?
- Verbs and Situations
- Verbs, Activities, and Processes
- Verbs and punctual Situations
- Verbs and States
- The Three Primary Verbs in English
- Morphosyntactic Properties of the Primary Verbs in English
- NICE Property # 1: Negation
- NICE Property # 2: Inversion
- NICE Property # 3: Code
- NICE Property # 4: Emphasis
- The Primary Verbs as main Verbs
- Multi-Word Verbs
- Multi-Word Verbs as Lexical Verbs.
- Types of Multi-Word Verb
- Multi-Word Verbs: Problems of Form and Problems of Meaning
- Multi-Word Verbs: Some further Problems
- Further Reading
- 3. Adjectives and Adverbs in Linguistic Perspective
- The Adjective Word Class: Morphosyntactic Characteristics
- The Position of Adjectives: The Prenominal Position
- The Position of Adjectives: The Predicative Position
- Adjective-Forming Suffixes
- Comparative and Superlative Forms
- Modification of Adjectives
- Adjectives and Prefixes
- The Semantics of Prefixes
- The Semantics of Adjectives
- Prenominal Adjectives and the problem of Adjective order
- Two More Problems with Adjectives: Participles and Compounds
- Adverbs: A Highly Problematic Category
- Comparing Adjectives and Adverbs
- The Position of Adverbs
- Adverbs as Modifiers and Linkers
- Further Reading
- 4. Determining Words and prepostions in Linguistic Perspective
- Determining Words: Some Important Preliminaries.
- Determining Words and Adjectives
- The Articles in English Form
- The Articles in English: Meaning and Use
- Articles and Proper Nouns
- A Brief Notes on the Grammar of English Demonstratives
- A Brief Note on Genitive Pronouns as Determining Words
- Pre-determiners and Post-determiners
- Prepostitions in English: Some Improtant Issues
- English Prepositions: Some Remarks on Their Syntactic Properties
- English Prepositions: Meaning and Use
- Further Reading
- 5. Participants, Functions, and Roles
- Verbs and Participants
- The Idea of Grammatical Fucntions
- The Idea of Semantic Roles
- The AGENT Semantic Role
- The THEME Semantic Role
- The EXPERIENCER Semantic Role
- The PATIENT Semantic Role
- Some Further Semantic Roles
- The Subject in English
- Must We Have a Subject?
- Non-referential Subjects
- Objects in English
- Further Reading
- 6. Transitivity and Intransitivity
- What Does Transitivity Involve?
- Some Thoughts on Transitive Clauses and their Verbs
- Simple Transitive Clauses
- Extended Trnasitive Clauses
- Complex Transitive Clauses
- Some Thoughts on Intransitive Clauses and Their Verbs
- Simple Intransitive Clauses and Extended Intransitive Clauses
- Complex Intransitive Clauses
- The Fluidity of Transitivity
- Further Reading
- 7. Tense and Aspect
- Tense and Aspect in English: Some Initial Reflections
- What is Tense?
- Expressing the Future in English: A Linguistic Dispute
- Tense and Aspect in Combination: The English Present Simple
- Regular or Habitual Situations
- States of Being or Possession
- Universal or "Timeless" Truths and Established Facts
- Generic Statements
- Commentary on Some Currently Unfolding Situation
- Summaries
- Performatives
- Planned or Scheduled Future Situations
- Unplanned or Unscheduled but Anticipated Future Situations
- Narration of Past Events (the Historical Present).
- Informing and Commenting on "News"
- Tense and Aspect in Combination: The English Past Simple
- Single Completed Event
- Extended Situation, Now Completed
- Series of Regualr Events
- Conditional Possibility
- Signaling Politeness
- Tense and Aspect in Combination: The English Present and Past Progressive
- Progressive Marking on Verbs: A Potential Problem
- Tense and Aspect in Combination: The English Present and Past Perfect
- Perfect of Result
- Experiential Perfect
- Perfect of Persistent Situation
- Perfect of Recent Past
- Recurrent Event Perfect
- Some More Patterns
- Pattern 1 Have + Been + V-ing
- Pattern 2 Had + Been + V-ing
- Pattern 3 Modal auxiliary + Have + Been + V-ing
- Back to the Future: Will or Be Going To?
- Further Reading
- 8. Modality and Negation
- What is Modality?
- The Prototypical Modal Auxiliaries in English: Morphosyntactic Properties
- Acceptance of the NICE Properties.
- Absence of a Third Person Singular Inflection
- Modal Auxiliaries: Some Additional Grammatical Characteristics
- The Semantics of the Prototypical Modals
- Can
- Could
- May
- Might
- Must
- Will
- Shall
- Would
- Should
- Ought
- Some Semi-Modal Expressions
- Grammatical Features of Semi-modals
- The Semantics of the Semi-Modals
- Be Going To
- Be Able To
- Be Supposed To
- Have To and Have Got To
- Had Better and Had Best
- Go Un-V
- Negative Utterances and the Particle Not
- The Semantics of Not
- Not as a Non-verbal Negator
- Complex Negators Involving Not
- Further Reading
- 9. Questions and Focus Constructions
- Interrogative Utterances
- Yes/No Interrogatives
- Replying to Yes/No Interrogatives
- Wh-Interrogatives
- Some Other Types of Questions
- Passive Voice in English: Some General Remarks
- Reasons for Omitting the Agent in Passive Constructions
- What Can Be Passivized and What Can't?
- A Scale of Passivity
- English Passives: Meaning and Use
- Get Passive
- Middle Voice Constructions
- Some Other Focus Constructions
- Clefting
- Fronting
- Left-dislocation
- Locative Inversion
- Further Reading
- 10.Complex Sentences in English: Coordination and Subordination
- Coordinated Clauses
- The Semantics of And, Or, and But
- And
- Or
- But
- Other Coordinators?
- Correlative Coordinators
- The Idea of Subordination
- Three Types of Finite Complement Clause
- That Clause Complements
- Wh-Clause Complements
- If/Whether Clause Complements
- Types of Nonfinite Complement Clauses
- Infinitive Clause Complements
- Infinitives With and Without Subjects
- -Ing Clause Complements
- Infinitives or -ing?
- The Label Gerund (Or: To Be a Noun or Not To be a Noun?
- Further Reading
- 11.Complex Sentences in English: Relative Clauses and Related Constructions
- What Is a Relative Clause?
- The Position of English Relative Clauses
- Marking English Relative Clauses: The Relative Proforms
- Selecting Proforms
- Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Relative Clauses
- The Discourse Function of Restrictive Relative Clauses
- Syntactic Constraints on Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Clauses
- Relative Adverbial Clauses
- Nonprototypical Relative Clauses
- Some Related Clauses
- Further Reading
- 12.Complex Sentences in English: Adverbial, Participial, and Conditional Clauses
- The Adverbial Function in English: An Overview
- Some Basic Functions of Adverbial Clauses
- Participial Adverbial Clauses
- Adverbials of Condition
- The Main Types of Conditionals
- Simple (Real) Conditional Constructions
- Predicative (Real) Conditionals
- Hypothetical (Unreal) Conditionals
- Counterfactual (Unreal) Conditionals
- Some Other Types of Conditional
- Conditioanal Clauses in Discourse.