Корично изображение Електронна книга

Pluralism, democracy and political knowledge : Robert A Dahl and his critics on modern politics /

Основен автор: Blokland, Hans Theodorus.
Формат: Електронна книга
Език: English
Публикувано: Burlington, VT : Ashgate, ℗♭2011.
Предмети:
Dahl, Robert A., > 1915-2014.
Democracy > Philosophy.
Cultural pluralism > Political aspects.
Political science > History > 20th century.
Democracy > United States.
Dahl, Robert Alan, 1915-
Political science.
POLITICAL SCIENCE > Political Ideologies > Democracy.
Electronic books.
Онлайн достъп: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=390192
Подобни документи: Print version:: Pluralism, democracy and political knowledge.
Съдържание:
  • 1. Introduction
  • 1. The Three Theoretical Levels or Discourses of this Book
  • 2. Structure of the Argument
  • 2. An American Preamble
  • 1. Personal Background: The Absence of Decisive Sources of Inspiration
  • 2. Some Observations on the Historical Context
  • 2.1. The Great Depression and the New Deal
  • 2.2. The Keynesian paradigm
  • 2.3. The postwar reassessment of market and politics
  • 2.4. Inventing a better society
  • 3. Political and Philosophical Background
  • 3.1. The overarching liberal political context
  • 3.2. Ethical pluralism and liberalism
  • 3.3. Pragmatism as attitude toward life
  • 4. Pluralistic Antecedents
  • 4.1. The traditionally strong role of civil organizations in America
  • 4.2. Statism in nineteenth-century political scholarship
  • 4.3. The pluralist critique of statist thought in the interbellum
  • 4.4. An unstable pedestal for Arthur F. Bentley
  • 4.5. Earl Latham on the relentless power struggle between groups.
  • 4.6. David B. Truman
  • 5. Concerns about Electoral Political Incompetence
  • 5.1. The psychological discourse in the interbellum
  • 5.2. Political science requires a new theory of democracy
  • 5.3. Deweyism as democratic theory
  • 5.4. Postwar empirical investigations of electoral competence
  • 5.5. Bernard Berelson on benevolent political indifference
  • 6. Conclusion
  • 3. Foreign Policy and Political Competence
  • 1. Citizens, Congress, and Foreign Affairs
  • 1.1. Three criteria for democratic decision making
  • 1.2. Influences on and limitations of the elected representative
  • 1.3. Three methods to improve current decision making
  • 1.4. Why the choice of means cannot be left up to the experts
  • 1.5. Fostering political competence
  • 1.6. Desired reforms of the political system: Party government
  • 1.7. Influences on Congress and Foreign Policy
  • 2. The Elected Dictator and Iraq
  • 2.1. Concentration of power and complacency.
  • 2.2. The rationality of the democratic decision making on Iraq
  • 3. Electoral Competence and the Emancipation Dilemma
  • 4.A Common Point of Departure
  • 1. Appropriate Social Techniques and the End of Ideology
  • 2. Seven Broadly Endorsed Goals of Rational Social Action
  • 3. Calculation and Control as Prerequisites for Rational Social Action
  • 3.1. Processes of calculation: Science, incrementalism, calculated risk, utopianism
  • 3.2. Four techniques of control
  • 4. The Price System
  • 4.1. How businessmen are controlled through the market mechanism
  • 4.2. The market and socialism can coexist
  • 5. The Hierarchical Order
  • 5.1. Bureaucracy and the causes of and reasons for its expansion
  • 5.2. The inevitable costs of indispensable bureaucracies
  • 5.3. The primacy of politics and decentralization as counterweights
  • 6. Polyarchy
  • 6.1. Polyarchy as solution to the basic problem of politics
  • 6.2. The social preconditions for the existence of a polyarchy.
  • 7. Bargaining
  • 7.1. The negative consequences for political rationality and responsiveness
  • 7.2."Party Government" to combat the negative aspects of bargaining
  • 8. Hierarchical and Polyarchical Versus Price System Techniques
  • 8.1. Some technical shortcomings of polyarchy and hierarchy
  • 8.2. Some shortcomings of the price system
  • 8.3. Efficiency and innovative potential of public and private organizations
  • 9. Bargaining Versus the Price System
  • 9.1. Co-management and the illegitimacy of private enterprise
  • 9.2.A prelude to the neocorporatism debate: National bargaining
  • 10. Improved Social Techniques to Realize the Enlightenment Project
  • 10.1. The end of classical liberalism and socialism
  • 10.2. The planning of personalities
  • 11. Interim Balance
  • 11.1. Interdisciplinarity, scientific progress, and naivete
  • 11.2. The reception of Politics, Economics, and Welfare
  • 11.3. The endless "end of ideology" movement.
  • 11.4. Modernization and the end of Big Politics
  • 11.5. The spirit of the time by Weber, Mannheim, and Schumpeter
  • 5. The Behavioralist Mood
  • 1. The Breeding Ground of Behavioralism
  • 1.1. Bentley, Wallas, and Merriam
  • 1.2. German refugees, social irrelevance, the survey, and the Social Science Research Council
  • 1.3. The influence of Popper's epistemological notions
  • 2. The State and the Future of Political Science According to David Easton
  • 2.1. Facts, trivia, and little laws
  • 2.2. The necessity of theories
  • 2.3. Can political scholarship become a science?
  • 2.4. The unfulfilled function of normative political theory
  • 2.5. The potential of the equilibrium theory prevailing in political science
  • 3. Dahl's Critique of the Old and New Science of Politics
  • 4. Lindblom's Praise of Current Political-Scientific Knowledge
  • 5. An Epitaph for a Successful Protest
  • 5.1. An austere description of behavioralism
  • 5.2. The achievements of behavioralism.
  • 5.3. Putting the fragments of political science back together again
  • 6. Some Preliminary Observations on Behavioralism
  • 6.1. The scarcity of epistemological reflection
  • 6.2. Building from the ground up?
  • 6.3. Building up to the heavens?
  • 6.4. Behaviorism versus behavioralism: Only sensory perceptions?
  • 6.5. Opposed to political philosophy?
  • 6.6. Economic theory of democracy, equilibrium, rational choice, and modernization
  • 6.A Logical Analysis of Polyarchy
  • 1.A Preface to Democratic Theory
  • 1.1. Democracy according to James Madison
  • 1.2. The populistic democracy
  • 1.3.A feasible alternative: Polyarchy
  • 1.4. The relative importance of constitutional guarantees against tyranny
  • 1.5. How minorities rule within the parameters set by the majority
  • 2. Some Remarks on A Preface
  • 2.1. Symbolism and deductive logic
  • 2.2. Natural rights or a social decision procedure
  • 2.3. Normative assumptions and political science.
  • 2.4. Dahl's growing economic individualism
  • 7. Empirical Research on Polyarchy
  • 1. Empirical Research on the Distribution of Power
  • 1.1. The debate between elitists and pluralists
  • 1.2. Defining and investigating power
  • 1.3. Dahl's research in New Haven
  • 2.A Contented Political Democracy or a Contented Political Scientist?
  • 2.1. Politics as a method of conflict resolution
  • 2.2. Pluralism instead of majority decisions
  • 2.3. Social consensus as precondition for democracy
  • 2.4. Political parties and the rationality of public decision making
  • 2.5. Four strategies to influence political decision making
  • 2.6. Interim balance: Pluralistic democracy and modernization
  • 3.Comparative Research on the Preconditions for Polyarchies
  • 3.1. The characteristics of a polyarchy
  • 3.2. The limited explanatory power of socio-economic development
  • 3.3. Social inequality does not obstruct political stability.
  • 3.4. The generative history: From greater dispute to greater inclusion
  • 3.5. The presence or absence of social divisions
  • 3.6. The importance of spreading the democratic conviction
  • 3.7. The limited possibilities to democratize hegemonies
  • 4. Balance and Outlook
  • 8. Arguments in Defense of Democratic Participation
  • 1. The Participants, Their Objections, and Their Favorite Opponents
  • 2. Classical Theory: Ideal or Reality?
  • 3. Dubious System Thinking
  • 4. Fear of Ideology, Participation, and Changes in the Status Quo
  • 5. The Misunderstood Dynamic Character of the Classical Theory
  • 6. The Elitism of the Pluralists and Their Blindness to Social Discord
  • 7. Dahl's Defense Against Allegations of Elitism
  • 8. Carole Pateman on Economic Democracy and Schumpeter
  • 9. Digression: The Costs of Democratic Participation and Deliberation
  • 10. Dahl's Reaction to the Democratization Movement.
  • 10.1. The legitimation of authority and the costs of participation
  • 10.2.A commune is not a country: The definition of the demos
  • 10.3. Social inequality is an obstacle to full-fledged democracy
  • 10.4. The corporate leviathan and a renewed call for market socialism
  • 10.5. The monster of the state and the gap between politics and citizens
  • 11. Democratization and Basism or Neo-populism
  • 11.1. Political participation and the common or private interest
  • 11.2. Participation via the Internet and referendums: Is the citizen finally the boss?
  • 12. Schumpeter's Influence on Postwar Democratic Theory
  • 12.1. Two interpretations of Schumpeter and pluralism
  • 12.2. Schumpeter, the pluralists, and the economic theory of democracy
  • 12.3. Do pluralists indeed have no normative criteria?
  • 12.4. Is competition among leaders what pluralism is all about?
  • 12.5. Pateman and the necessity of reading the authentic texts.
  • 9. Power and Powerlessness Under Polyarchy
  • 1. Power and Powerlessness: Some Theoretical Notions
  • 1.1. Dimensions of the exercise of power
  • 1.2. Do people have "real" interests?
  • 1.3. Difficulties with the radical conception
  • 2. Unheard Voices
  • 2.1. Matthew Crenson's research on the depoliticization of air pollution
  • 2.2. Michael Parenti's perspective from the bottom up
  • 2.3. Lewis Lipsitz' grievances of the disadvantaged and the need of an ideology
  • 3. William Domhoff on the American Ruling Class
  • 3.1. Some political and methodological assumptions
  • 3.2. Four processes of the exercise of power by the ruling class
  • 3.3. New Haven too is dominated by an elite
  • 4. Dahl's Oblique and Implicit Response to Criticism of Who Governs?
  • 5. The Truth of Political Science and the Political Victory of the Right
  • 6. Social Inequality and its Political Consequences
  • 7. The Making of Social Consensus.
  • 8. Anew, Dahl's Struggle with the Emancipation Dilemma
  • 10. Epistemological Reservations
  • 1. An Overgrown Garden of Grievances
  • 2. Kernels of Critique
  • 3. Dahl's Aloofness and Complacency in the 1950s and 1960s
  • 4. The Influence of Conceptual Models upon Observation
  • 4.1. Metaphysical, epistemological, and ethical assumptions
  • 4.2. Images of man and society and their origin
  • 4.3. Neutrality in the political sciences
  • 4.4. Expecting and investigating consensus or conflict
  • 4.5. Unbalanced thinking in the equilibrium model
  • 4.6. By our behavior we confirm a theory we believe to be right
  • 5. Natural Versus Social Sciences
  • 5.1. Dahl's modest research findings and the reasons for this
  • 5.2. Positivism and positive political freedom
  • 5.3. The interpretative method as alternative
  • 5.4. Are significant, complex events usually unique?
  • 5.5. Some weaknesses of the scientific and interpretative method.
  • 5.6. Everyday scholarly practice and its quality
  • 11. Modern Political Science and Rationalization
  • 1. Behavioralism, Relevance, and Relativism: Dahl's Reply
  • 2. Arnold Brecht, Max Weber, and Scientific Value Relativism
  • 3. Rationalization and the Retreat from the Realm of Values
  • 12. Modern and Old-fashioned Politics
  • 1. The Naturalistic Conception of Politics: Christian Bay on Pseudopolitics
  • 2. The Counter Culture's Small Political Opposition to Small Politics
  • 2.1. Discontent about the social and political consequences of modernization
  • 2.2. The innocence of Charles A. Reich
  • 3. Political Powerlessness and the Revolution that Did Not Occur
  • 4. Robert Lane on Discontent in Market Democracies
  • 4.1. An epidemic of depression, distrust, and alienation
  • 4.2. The hedonistic treadmill and social malnutrition
  • 4.3. The road home
  • 5. An Old-fashioned Political Answer to Modern Social Problems
  • 5.1. Dahl's struggle with Small Politics
  • 5.2. Big and authentic politics.

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