Einstein's relativity and beyond new symmetry approaches /
"The purposes of this book are (1) to explore and expound relativity physics and 4-dimensional symmetry from the logically simplest viewpoint by making one single postulate instead of two: and (2) to indicate the simplest generalization of the Lorentz transformation in order to cope with frames...
| Основен автор: | Hsu, J. P. |
|---|---|
| Формат: | Електронен |
| Език: | English |
| Публикувано: |
Singapore ; River Edge, NJ :
World Scientific,
℗♭2000.
|
| Серия: |
Advanced series on theoretical physical science ;
v. 7. |
| Предмети: | |
| Онлайн достъп: |
http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=514057 |
| Подобни документи: |
Print version::
Einstein's relativity and beyond. |
Съдържание:
- Logical Connections of Relativity Theories with 4-Dimensional Symmetry
- xix
- 0a.
- Limitations of Special Relativity
- 1
- 0b.
- Question #1: Can the theory of relativity be formulated solely on the basis of the first principle of relativity (without assuming the constancy of the speed of light)?
- 2
- 0c.
- Question #2: Can one generalize the 4-dimensional transformation for inertial frames to non-inertial frames with a constant acceleration or rotation? In accelerated frames, the speed of light is no longer a universal constant; is the Planck constant still a universal constant?
- 4
- 0d.
- Question #3: Within the 4-dimensional symmetry framework of special relativity, it appears to be impossible, in principle, to generalize the classical Liouville equation for many-particle systems to a Lorentz invariant Liouville equation. Can we overcome this difficulty?
- 4
- 0e.
- Question #4: In view of the profound divergence difficulties in quantum field theory, is the spacetime 4-dimensional symmetry exact at very large momenta or short distances?
- 5
- 1.
- A Brief Review of Space and Time
- 9
- 1a.
- Space and Objects
- 9
- 1b.
- Time and Motion
- 11
- 1c.
- Inertial Frames of References
- 11
- 1d.
- Space and Time Transformations
- 13
- 1e.
- Absolute Time, Relative Time, Common Time and Taiji Time
- 14
- 2.
- Nontrivial Pursuit of Earth's Absolute Motion
- 19
- 2a.
- Newton, Classical Mechanics and Invariant Laws of Motion
- 19
- 2b.
- Maxwell's Suggestion for Finding Absolute Motion and Michelson's Interferometer
- 22
- 3.
- On the Right Track
- Voigt, Lorentz and Larmor
- 27
- 3a.
- "Absolute Contraction of Length" and Lorentz's Heuristic Local Time
- 27
- 3b.
- Exact Transformations Discovered by Larmor and Lorentz
- 29
- 4.
- Poincare's Contributions and the Aether (Past and Present)
- 35
- 4a.
- A Remarkable Insight of Physical Time
- 35
- 4b.
- Poincare's Innovative Principle of Relativity
- 37
- 4c.
- Poincare's Theory of Relativity Based on 1 Postulate and 1 Definition
- 39
- 4d.
- Concept of an "Aether" Never Fades Away
- 46
- 4e.
- Conformal Transformations for Inertial Frames with Absolute Velocity and "Conformal 4-Dimensional Symmetry" with the Constant Speed of Light
- 48
- 4f.
- Poincare's Contributions to Relativity and Symmetry Principles
- 51
- 5.
- Young Einstein's Novel Creation Based on 2 Postulates
- 61
- 5a.
- Power of a Young Mind
- 61
- 5b.
- Einstein's Formulation of Special Relativity with 2 Postulates
- 62
- 5c.
- Derivation of the Lorentz Transformations
- 66
- 5d.
- Novel Relative Properties of Space and Time
- 68
- 5e.
- Physical Implications of Einstein's Special Relativity
- 71
- 5f.
- Einstein and Poincare
- 72
- 6.
- Minkowski's 4-Dimensional Spacetime, Adjustable Clocks and Flexibility in the Concept of Time
- 80
- 6a.
- Completion of Special Relativity by Minkowski's Idea of 4-Dimensional Spacetime
- 80
- 6b.
- Collision of the Titanic and Haywire Clocks
- 82
- 6c.
- Primacy of the 4-Dimensional Symmetry
- 83
- 6d.
- A Flexible Concept of Time
- 83
- 7.
- Taiji Relativity Based Solely on 1 Principle
- the First Principle of Relativity
- 87
- 7a.
- Refreshingly Innocent Questions
- 87
- 7b.
- 4-Dimensional Taiji Transformations
- 88
- 7c.
- Taiji Time and Clock Systems
- 90
- 7d.
- Taiji Velocity Transformations
- 91
- 7e.
- Comparisons with Special Relativity
- 92
- 7f.
- Einstein's Time, Common Time, Reichenbach's Time and Unspecified Time
- 95
- 8.
- Arbitrary Speed of Light in Taiji Relativity and the Michelson-Morley Experiment
- 100
- 8a.
- Does the Michelson-Morley Experiment Imply a Constant and Isotropic Speed of Light?
- 100
- 8b.
- Michelson-Morley Experiment Supports the First Postulate of Relativity
- 103
- 8c.
- Do Any Experiments Really Show the Universal Constancy of the Speed of Light c?
- 106
- 8d.
- Physical Quantities Measured by Using Taiji Time
- 109
- 9.
- Lorentz and Poincare Invariance Without Involving a Constant Corresponding to the Speed of Light
- 112
- 9a.o
- Group Properties of Taiji Transformations
- 112
- 9b.
- Lorentz Group Without Involving the Constant Speed of Light
- 115
- 9c.
- Poincare Group with Ten Generators and Without Involving the Constant Speed of Light
- 120
- 10.
- Truly Universal Constants and Physical Laws Based on Taiji Relativity
- 125
- 10a.
- Truly Universal Constants and Invariant Actions
- 125
- 10b.
- Atomic Structures and Doppler Shifts
- 128
- 10c.
- Dirac's Conjecture of Truly Fundamental Constants vs. Taiji Relativity's Results, and the Origin of the "Universal Value" c = 29979245800cm/sec
- 131
- 10d.
- Maxwell Equations Without the Constant Speed of Light c
- 134
- 11.
- Quantum Electrodynamics Based on Taiji Relativity and Dilatation of Lifetimes and Decay-Lengths
- 138
- 11a.
- Quantum Electrodynamics Based on Taiji Relativity
- 138
- 11b.
- Experimental Measurements of Dilatation for Decay-Lengths and Decay-Lifetimes
- 142
- 12.
- Common Relativity: A Common Time for All Observers
- 148
- 12a.
- Why Common Time?
- 148
- 12b.
- Two Basic Postulates of Common Relativity
- 149
- 12c.
- Space-Lightime Transformations and Physical Clocks
- 150
- 12d.
- Relativity of the Speed of Light Measured by Using Common Time
- 153
- 12e.
- Symmetry Between Any Two Frames F and F'
- 154
- 12f.
- Two-Way Speed of Light
- 155
- 12g.
- Inverse Transformations and the Lorentz Group
- 157
- 12h.
- 4-Dimensional Maxwell Equations and Lorentz Force with Scalar Physical Time
- 158
- 12i.
- Quantum Electrodynamics Based on Common Relativity
- 162
- 12j.
- New Properties in Common Relativity
- 164
- 13.
- Common Time and Many-Particle Systems in a 4-Dimensional Symmetry Framework
- 167
- 13a.
- Problems of Relative Simultaneity for Many-Particle Systems
- 167
- 13b.
- Invariant Hamiltonian Dynamics and Phase Space
- 170
- 13c.
- Invariant Kinetic Theory of Gases
- 174
- 13d.
- Invariant Liouville Equation
- 178
- 13e.
- Invariant Entropy, Temperature and Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution
- 180
- 13f.
- Invariant Boltzmann-Vlasov Equation
- 182
- 13g.
- Boltzmann's Transport Equation with 4-Dimensional Symmetry
- 188
- 13h.
- Boltzmann's H Theorem with 4-Dimensional Symmetry
- 191
- 14.
- Common Relativity and Quantum Mechanics
- 195
- 14a.
- Fuzziness at Short Distances and the Invariant 'Genergy'
- 195
- 14b.
- Fuzzy Quantum Mechanics with an Inherent Fuzziness in the Position of a Point Particle
- 197
- 14c.
- A Fuzzy Point and Modified Coulomb Potential at Short Distances
- 202
- 14d.
- Inherent Probability for Suppression of Large Momentum States
- 204
- 15.
- Common Relativity and Fuzzy Quantum Field Theory
- 207
- 15a.
- Fuzzy Quantum Field Theories
- 207
- 15b.
- Fuzzy Quantum Electrodynamics Based on Common Relativity
- 212
- 15c.
- Experimental Tests of Possible Approximate 4-Dimensional Symmetry of Special Relativity at Very High Energies and Short Distances
- 216
- 16.
- Common Relativity and the 3 K Cosmic Background Radiation
- 221
- 16a.
- Implications of Non-Invariant Planck's Law of Blackbody Radiation
- 221
- 16b.
- Invariant Partition Function
- 221
- 16c.
- Covariant Thermodynamics
- 223
- 16d.
- Canonical Distribution and Blackbody Radiation
- 226
- 16e.
- Question on Earth's "Absolute" Motion in the 3 K Radiation
- 228
- 17.
- Extended Relativity: A Weaker Postulate for the Speed of Light
- 232
- 17a.
- 4-Dimensional Symmetry as a Guiding Principle
- 232
- 17b.
- Edwards' Transformations with Reichenbach's Time
- 234
- 17c.
- Difficulties of Edwards' Transformations
- 236
- 17d.
- Extended Relativity
- A 4-Dimensional Theory with Reichenbach's Time
- 238
- 17e.
- Two Basic Postulates of Extended Relativity
- 242
- 17f.
- Invariant Action for a Free Particle in Extended Relativity
- 244
- 18.
- Extended Relativity with the Lorentz Group and Lifetime Dilatation
- 248
- 18a.
- A Comparison of Extended Relativity and Special Relativity
- 248
- 18b.
- An Unpassable Limit and Non-Constant Speed of Light
- 250
- 18c.
- Lorentz Group and the Space-Lightime Transformations
- 251
- 18d.
- Decay Rate and "Lifetime Dilatation"
- 253
- 19.
- Physical Implications of Extended Relativity
- 256
- 19a.
- 4-Dimensional Symmetry with a Universal 2-Way Speed of Light
- 256
- 19b.
- Some Experimental Implications of Extended Relativity
- 259
- 19c.
- Doppler Shifts of Frequency and Atomic Energy Levels
- 260
- 19d.
- Classical Electrodynamics Based on Extended Relativity
- 263
- 19e.
- Quantum Electrodynamics Based on Extended Relativity
- 266
- 19f.
- A Clock System for Lightime, Lifetime Dilatation and the Maximum Speed of Physical Objects
- 270
- 20.
- Determination of the Parameters of General Linear Transformations by Precision Experiments
- 273
- 20a.
- A General Parameterization of Linear Transformations
- 273
- 20b.
- Determinations of Parameters by Three Experiments
- 275
- 20c.
- Flexibility of the Relation for t and t' in 4-Dimensional Symmetry Framework
- 278
- 21.
- Generalized Lorentz Transformations for Non-Intertial Frames Based on the Limiting 4-Dimensional Symmetry
- 282
- 21a.
- An Answer to Young Einstein's Question and Its Implications
- 282
- 21b.
- Physical Time and Clocks in Linearly Accelerated Frames
- 286
- 21c.
- Moller's Gravitational Approach to Accelerated Transformations
- 290
- 21d.
- A Kinematical Approach to Accelerated Transformations Based on the Limiting 4-Dimensional Symmetry
- 293
- 21e.
- Generalized Moller-Wu-Lee Transformations Based on the Limiting 4-Dimensional Symmetry
- 296
- 21f.
- Minimal Generalization of the Lorentz Transformations
- the Wu Transformations
- 300
- 22.
- Dynamics of Classical and Quantum Particles in Non-Inertial Frames with the Limiting 4-Dimensional Symmetry
- 304
- 22a.
- Classical Electrodynamics in Constant-Linear-Acceleration Frames
- 304
- 22b.
- Quantum Particles and Dirac's Equation in a CLA Frame
- 307.