Life on the watershed Reconstructing subsistence in a steppe region using archaeological survey: a diachronic perspective on habitation in the Jordan Valley.
The scarcity of water is a major problem in many parts of the Near East today and has been so in the past. To survive in such a region people should be able to structurally attain more water than rainfall alone can supply. The archaeology of this area should not only identify when people inhabited s...
| Основен автор: | Kaptijn, Eva. |
|---|---|
| Формат: | Електронен |
| Език: | English |
| Публикувано: |
Havertown :
Sidestone Press,
2009.
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| Предмети: | |
| Онлайн достъп: |
http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=552218 |
| Подобни документи: |
Print version::
Life on the watershed : Reconstructing subsistence in a steppe region using archaeological survey: a diachronic perspective on habitation in the Jordan Valley. |
Съдържание:
- 1Theoretical framework and research questions; 1.1Introduction: the Settling the Steppe-project; 1.2This research; 1.3The structure of this book; 2The Zerqa Triangle; 2.1 The physical context; 2.1.1 Topography and geology; 2.1.2 Modern climate; 2.1.3 Past climate; 2.2Research context; 2.2.1 Surveys; 2.2.2 Excavations; 3Survey Design; 3.1Survey methodology; 3.1.1 Field walking; 3.1.2 Processing of the finds; 3.2 Biases; 3.2.1 Differences between field-walkers; 3.2.2 Pottery and dating biases; 3.2.3 Post-depositional processes and geomorphological biases; 3.3Distribution analysis.
- 3.3.1 Distinct areas3.3.2 Low densities distributions; 3.4Conclusions; 4The survey results; 4.1 The Late Chalcolithic period and Early Bronze Age; 4.1.1 The Late Chalcolithic/Early Bronze Age distributions; 4.1.2 Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age concentrations; 4.1.3 Other Late Chalcolithic and EBA discoveries in the region; 4.2 The Late Bronze and Iron Ages; 4.2.1 The Late Bronze and Iron Age distributions pattern; 4.3 The Hellenistic period; 4.3.1 The Hellenistic distributions; 4.3.2 Hellenistic concentrations; 4.4 The Roman, Late Roman and Umayyad periods.
- 4.4.1 Distributions of the Roman, Late Roman and Umayyad periods4.4.2 The Roman, Late Roman and Umayyad concentrations; 4.4.3 Other Roman, Late Roman and Umayyad period discoveries in the Zerqa Triangle; 4.5 The Islamic period; 4.5.1 The Islamic distributions (excluding the Ayyubid/Mamluk period); 4.6 The Ayyubid and Mamluk periods; 4.6.1 The Ayyubid / Mamluk period distributions; 4.6.2 The Ayyubid/ Mamluk concentrations; 4.6.3 Other Ayyubid/ Mamluk period discoveries in the Zerqa Triangle; 4.7 The Late Islamic period; 4.7.1 The Late Islamic or (early) modern distributions.
- 4.7.2 Late Islamic tobacco pipes5Settlements in the steppe: surviving the summer; 5.1Introduction; 5.2The ethnohistorical irrigation system; 5.3Mamluk irrigation; 5.4Roman and Late Roman irrigation; 5.5 Iron Age irrigation; 5.6 Late Bronze Age irrigation; 5.7Middle Bronze Age irrigation; 5.8Early Bronze Age irrigation; 6Carrying capacity and habitation intensity; 6.1Introduction; 6.2Ethnohistorical agriculture; 6.2.1 Pre-modern agricultural techniques and calendar; 6.2.2 Crop division; 6.2.3 Agricultural possibilities and irrigation reality; 6.2.4 Population density.
- 6.3Mamluk agriculture and habitation stress6.3.1 Cane cultivation and sugar production; 6.3.2 Ecological characteristics of sugar cane cultivation; 6.3.3 Archaeobotanical evidence; 6.3.4 Water demands and population density; 6.4Iron Age agriculture and habitation stress; 6.4.1 Iron Age IIa/b irrigation agriculture; 6.4.2 Iron Age IIa/b population density; 6.4.3 Iron Age II a/b occupation intensity; 6.5 Conclusion; 7Irrigating communities; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2The ethnohistorical agro-social structure; 7.2.1 Overview of ethnohistorical land tenure.