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The appearance of underglaze monograms in the decoration of Medieval Glazed pottery is a broad phenomenon with supraregional significance for the Mediterranean. There are three different groups of Glazed ceramics in Medieval Bulgaria in which monograms and other abbreviated inscriptions are exploited as sgraffito decoration. The earliest examples could be identified as Zeuxippus Ware imitations or derivatives (Zeuxippus Family). The later more prominent group is attributed to the Byzantine Elaborate Incised Ware. Its distribution during the 14th and early 15th century is exclusively along the coasts of Black and Aegean seas, whilst a workshop was excavated at Sirkeci in Istanbul. The monograms, engraved in a champlevé technique, are not of a wide variety and should be interpreted as a reflexion of the widespread fashion during that time to put monograms on different items. Another local group of Glazed Monogram Ware is produced mainly in the capital of Medieval Bulgaria Tarnovo from 1340s up to the end of 14th c. Its samples are no less numerous but spread over a far more limited area, and the inscriptions comprise mostly the names and titles of various dignitaries, thus manifesting their power and in some cases marking ownership. The monogrammatic fashion should be considered as a manifestation of the Byzantine written culture.
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