Biological confinement of genetically engineered organisms /
Annotation Genetically engineered organisms (GEOs) have been under development for more than 20 years while GE crops have been grown commercially during the last decade. During this time, a number of questions have cropped up concerning the potential consequences that certain GEOs might have on natu...
| Автор-организации: | National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Biological Confinement of Genetically Engineered Organisms. |
|---|---|
| Формат: | Електронна книга |
| Език: | English |
| Публикувано: |
Washington, DC :
National Academies Press,
℗♭2004.
|
| Предмети: | |
| Онлайн достъп: |
http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=109212 |
| Подобни документи: |
Print version::
Biological confinement of genetically engineered organisms. |
Съдържание:
- Rationale for Bioconfinement
- 3
- Methods of Bioconfinement
- 4
- Ensuring Bioconfinement Efficacy
- 6
- Detecting and Mitigating Bioconfinement Failure
- 10
- Ecological Consequences of Large-Scale Use of Bioconfinement
- 11
- What Are Genetically Engineered Organisms?
- 14
- What is Bioconfinement?
- 15
- Other Confinement Methods
- 16
- Scope of the Report
- 17
- International Aspects
- 19
- History of Confinement
- 19
- Social Acceptability of Bioconfinement Methods
- 25
- 2
- When and Why to Consider Bioconfinement
- 29
- What is Risk?
- 30
- Concerns
- 35
- Effects on Nontarget Species
- 52
- Delaying the Evolution of Resistance
- 52
- Food Safety and Other Issues
- 53
- When and Why to Consider Bioconfinement: The Need for Preventive Actions
- 53
- How Much Confinement Is Enough?
- 54
- Need for Bioconfinement
- 55
- Predicting the Consequences of Failure
- 56
- Who Decides
- 58
- 3
- Bioconfinement of Plants
- 65
- Methods of Bioconfinement
- 65
- Genetically Engineered Trees
- 98
- Transgenic Grasses
- 115
- Transgenic Algae
- 121
- Effectiveness at Different Spatial and Temporal Scales
- 122
- Monitoring and Managing Confinement Failure
- 124
- 4
- Bioconfinement of Animals: Fish, Shellfish, and Insects
- 130
- Bioconfinement of Fish and Shellfish
- 132
- Bioconfinement of Insects
- 153
- 5
- Bioconfinement of Viruses, Bacteria, and Other Microbes
- 159
- Potential Effects or Concerns, and Need for Bioconfinement in Viruses, Fungi, and Bacteria
- 160
- Bioconfinement of Bacteria, Viruses, and Fungi
- 169
- 6
- Biological and Operational Considerations for Bioconfinement
- 180
- What Biology Tells Us about Confinement and Bioconfinement
- 180
- Execution of Confinement
- 185
- International Aspects
- 193
- Bioconfinement Failure
- 194
- Looking to the Future: Strategic Public Investment in Bioconfinement Research
- 195.