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Cisplatin is the most widely used platinum-based antineoplastic agent yet characterized by severe toxicity side effects and short circulation period in the blood due to glomerular excretion. In order to reduce the side effects of the drug and to enhance its antineoplastic efficacy, it was immobilized in a star-shaped polymer carrier, consisting of a hyperbranched core and arms made up from poly(acrylic acid). Aiming to improve the performance of the therapeutic system, it was modified with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). In order to estimate whether this new macromolecular carrier represents a reliable delivery system for cisplatin, it underwent an analytical characterization, assessing its key properties e.g. loading efficiency of the polymer carrier, release profile of cisplatin from the latter in phosphate buffered saline and antineoplastic activity of the immobilized drug in a spectrum of human tumor cell lines. For this purpose, an appropriate analytical procedure for precise and reliable determination of platinum in three different sample media was established: (1) in the presence of polyacrylate matrix and/or polyacrylate matrix bearing PEG chains; (2) in the presence of phosphate buffer saline and (3) in tumor cells treated with free and as well with immobilized cisplatin. The application of the most widely used atomic spectrometric methods, electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, was compared in the viewpoint of lower matrix interferences and the instrumental parameters of both techniques were optimized.
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